Gas tungsten arc welding is fundamental in those industries where it is important to control the weld bead shape and its metallurgical characteristics. However, compared to the other arc welding process, the shallow penetration of the TIG welding restricts its ability to weld thick structures in a single pass (~2 mm for stainless steels), thus its productivity is relativity low. This is why there have been several trials to improve the productivity of the TIG welding. The use of ACTIVATING flux in TIG welding process is one of such attempts. In this study, first, the effect of each TIG welding parameters on the weld’s penetration depth was shown and then, the optimal parameters were determined using the Taguchi method with L9 (34) orthogonal array. SiO2 and TiO2 oxide powders were used to investigate the effect of ACTIVATING FLUX on the TIG weld penetration depth and mechanical properties of 316L austenitic stainless steel. A camera was used to observe and record images of the welding arc, and analyze the relationship between increasing the penetration depth and arc profile. The experimental results showed that ACTIVATING flux aided TIG welding has increased the weld penetration, tending to reduce the width of the weld bead. The SiO2 flux produced the most noticeable effect. Furthermore, the welded joint presented better tensile strength and hardness.

Resolver, as an electromagnetic sensor, is widely used in many industrial applications. It can detect the position of the rotary part of the electric machines precisely. In commercial resolvers, the excitation winding is connected to the high frequency (HF) AC source. The amplitude-modulated voltages induced in the signal windings need to be demodulated in order to calculate the envelope of the output signals and accordingly detect the position. On the other hand, in PM-resolver, signal windings replaced by Hall-effect sensors to measure the DC magnetic FLUX which is produced by permanent magnets. In this study, the performance of both AC and DC FLUX resolvers is investigated under different circumstances. All the simulations are done by the time-stepping finite element method (TSFEM).

Introduction. Hyperparathyroidism is a common finding in patients with renal insufficiency and parathyroid hormone (PTH) is considered a uremic toxin responsible for many of the abnormalities of the uremic state and bone disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of permeability of low-FLUX versus high-FLUX dialysis membranes on intact PTH during hemodialysis in children.Materials and Methods. Forty-four children aged between 4 and 13 years old on regular hemodialysis were enrolled in a prospective study. Low-FLUX polysulfone membranes were used for at least 6 months and then the patients were switched to use high-FLUX polysulfone membranes for 3 months. Serum electrolytes and intact PTH before and after dialysis were compared before and after changes in dialysis membrane.Results. At the end of the 3-month use of high-FLUX filters, predialysis intact PTH level (49.40 ± 19.64 ng/dL) showed a highly significant decline (P < .001) compared to the predialysis intact PTH (21.67 ± 4.85 ng/dL) with low-FLUX membranes at the start of the study. Intact PTH level correlated negatively with serum ionized calcium and positively with serum phosphorus levels only in the predialysis samples with the use of low-FLUX but not high-FLUX filters. Conclusions. In children, high-FLUX dialysis membranes are more efficient in removal of intact PTH, one of the middle-sized uremic toxins, than low-FLUX membranes.

Background: Considering the importance of removal of these solutes in chronic renal failure patients, this study was carried out to evaluate the effect of increasing ultrafiltration on clearance of middle molecules in low-FLUX hemodialysis in Kashan, 2005.Materials and Methods: Twenty one hemodialysis patients, 11 women and 10 men, were enrolled to this clinical before-after study. At the first stage the patients were dialyzed with ultrafiltration equal to their dry body weight. At the second stage two liters was added to the ultrafiltration and clearance of each solute was calculated in both stages. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and square T test.Results: There was a significant difference in clearance of b2-microglobulin and vitamin B12 in second stage in comparison with the first one (p<0.03, p<0.001), respectively. While there was no difference in clearance of small molecules P, BUN, and Cr. (p=0.97, r=0.24, p=0.36). In first hemodialysis KT/V was 1.12 and in the second 1.22. Conclusion: It was shown that in low-FLUX hemodialysis the increase in ultrafiltration results in increased clearance of middle molecules. Ultrfiltration increase also improves the adequacy of hemodialysis but it doesn't affect removal of small molecule.

Conventional FLUX Compression Generators (FCG"s) are used to generate high power ‎DC pulses. A new kind of (FCG"s) with series capacitance called Capacitive FLUX ‎Compression Generator (CFCG) will be introduced and explained in this paper. This ‎new kind is used to generate modulated high power pulses. There are some problems ‎to establish a capacitance in high power and high frequency applications. In the ‎present paper several practical methods will be addresed to make capacitance in high ‎power and high frequency applications‎‏.‏

We have studied the thermally activated FLUX creep of a newly fabricated superconductor Y3Ba5Cu8O18 with the superconducting transition temperature 102 K. Analysis of the transition spread from the normal state to superconducting state in the electrical resistivity revealed that the thermally activated FLUX creep explains the electron share in the vicinity of the transition temperature Tc. The activation energy U in a magnetic field below 15 kOe has been calculated by the corrected thermally activated FLUX creep model, and the pinning energy is exponentially related to the magnetic field.